SLEEP QUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive
neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and
non-motor symptoms. Sleep disturbance, a non-motor
symptom, is common and significantly affects activities of
daily living and quality of life of patients. The aim of this
study is to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance
and its associated characteristics in patients with
Parkinson's disease using the Pittsburgh sleep quality
index questionnaire (PSQI).
Methodology: Using a cross-sectional design, 120
patients with Parkinson's disease attending the
outpatients' neurology clinic of the Lagos State University
Teaching Hospital were recruited. Data obtained included
the participants' demographics, educational qualification,
stage of disease using the Hoehn/Yahr classification and
duration of PD diagnosis. Each participant completed the
PSQI questionnaire and those with scores ≥5 were
diagnosed with poor sleep quality.
Results: The participants were made up of 30.8%
females and 69.2% males (Male: female ratio, ~2:1).
Their ages ranged between 28 and 74 years with a mean
of 62.0 ± 9.7 years. The mean duration of diagnosis was
19.2 + 16.4 months. According to the PSQI, 55.8%
reported poor sleep quality. The mean score of those with
poor quality sleep (9.3 ± 3.5) was significantly higher than
those with good quality sleep (2.38 ± 1.4), p < 0.0001.
Significant differences were observed in all the individual
components of the PSQI (p < 0.001) except the use of
sleep medications. On multivariate analyses, the
independent association with sleep quality was the stage
of PD at presentation (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Sleep disturbances are common in
patients with Parkinson's disease and it worsens with
disease progression.