Annals of Clinical Sciences

MANDIBULAR RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM USING ILIAC CREST BONE GRAFT AND VASCULARISED FIBULA FLAP

Tuoyo Okoturo, Babatunde Ogunbanjo — Tue, 31 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The study aim to describe the science behind a novel reconstructive algorithm that dictates the reconstruction and outcome of a benign mandibular defect based on the potential impact from a resected vertical ramus, by presenting cases using either iliac crest bone grafts (ICB) or vascularised fibula flaps (VFF).

Methodology: This is a retrospective study of mandibular reconstruction. We followed a reconstruction algorithm briefly described as, ICB indicated for lateral and hemi-mandibular defect and VFF for antero-lateral or bilateral-defect. Data collated included demographic, histopathology, types of mandibulectomy or defects, types of reconstruction, clinical outcomes and complications. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of function and aesthetics, and assessed using post-operative panoramic images and standardized questionnaire. Statistical analysis was by percentages, mean, and post-operative complication predictors (multivariate-analysis).
Results: Thirty-five subjects were recruited for this study, with type II Schultz et al. classification being the prevalent mandibular defect in 16 (46%) cases. Twenty-three out of 35 cases underwent ICB while 12 out of 35 cases underwent VFF reconstruction. Functional-aesthetic outcomes were adjudged good/acceptable in all cases. 70% of cases in both groups were free of complications with infection being the highest complication in the ICB group and wound dehiscence in the VFF groups. While there was a causal relationship between defect size and complications / outcome, our analysis showed defect size (p<0.06) and bone length (p<0.12) to be statistically insignificant with respect to their association with increased complication.

Conclusion: In conclusion, this reconstructive algorithm for the reconstruction of benign mandibular defects is simple, effective, and broadly applicable especially in limited resource areas.

EVALUATION OF PROTEIN C LEVELS IN SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA PATIENTS IN STEADY STATE AND CRISIS AT THE LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY TEACHIHNG HOSPITAL, LAGOS. NIGERIA

Tue, 31 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Sickle cell anaemia is a hypercoaguble state and is associated with thrombotic episodes such as ischaemic stroke and venous thromboembolic phenomenon. Protein C is a natural Vitamin-K dependent glycoprotein that inactivates Factors V and VIII using Protein S as a cofactor and thus resulting in anticoagulation.

This study measured serum Protein C activity in SCA patients during vaso-occlusive crisis and in steady-state, and this was compared with the activity levels in HbAA controls.

Methodology: This was an analytical prospective study which comprised of 30 HbSS patients and 30 HbAA controls. Protein C levels were measured using ELISA in the SCA group during crisis and in the HbAA control group; When the HbSS patients were in steady state, Protein C levels were then measured again.

Results: Protein C levels were highest in the HbAA control group (0.73 + 0.08 ng/mL) followed by the HbSS patients in steady state (0.63 + 0.07 ng/mL) and lowest in the HbSS patients in crisis (0.49 + 0.11 ng/mL). This difference was statistically significant with p= 0.001.

Conclusion: Protein C levels are reduced in HbSS patients when compared with HbAA controls, and the levels are lower during a vasoocclusive crisis compared with steady state.

KELOID DISEASE: PROSPCETIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AT A TERTIARY CENTER

Ehiaghe Anaba, Olufolakemi Cole-Adeife — Tue, 31 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Keloid disease and its impact on the quality of life of patients is not frequently documented. The objective of this study was to document the epidemiologic and clinical features of keloid and its impact on the quality of life of patients.

Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study of 64 adult keloid disease patients was conducted over a one-year period following informed consent and ethical approval at a tertiary centre. Patients were clinically evaluated and quality of life was assessed using the dermatology life quality index (DLQI). Data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0.

Results: The dermatology clinic prevalence of keloid was 11.6%. The mean age of those who had keloid was 34.34 ± 15.15 years and they were 60.9% female. The mean duration and mean age at onset of keloid were 5.98 ± 8.73 and 28.38 ± 13.84 years respectively. The reason for seeking treatment was dislike of the keloid lesions in 65.6%. Symptoms of pain and pruritus were reported in 51.6% and 92.2% respectively. The mean DLQI score was 6.84 ± 4.94. Quality of life was impaired in 92.2% patients and this was a small effect in 40.6%. The only factor which correlated with Quality of life (QOL) impairment was the number of keloids; p=0.021.

Conclusion: Keloid is a disease of the young, has a female preponderance and occur more on the chest and face. Quality of life is negatively affected and patients seek treatment because of embarrassment, dislike for the keloid lesions and the multiplicity of lesions.

MANAGEMENT OF HAND DEFECT WITH PEDICLED SUPERFICIAL CIRCUMFLEX ILIAC PERFORATOR (SCIP) FLAP: NOH, DALA KANO AND LASUTH, IKEJA EXPERIENCE

Tue, 31 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

MANAGEMENT OF HAND DEFECT WITH PEDICLED SUPERFICIAL CIRCUMFLEX ILIAC PERFORATOR (SCIP) FLAP: NOH, DALA KANO AND LASUTH, IKEJA EXPERIENCE

Authors: Ajani A, Alimi MF, Adesina AA, Waziri AM, Suleiman HM, Gbadamasi KA, Bolaji AI, Atoyebi S.A

Background: Superficial circumflex perforator (SCIP) flap was first popularized in 2004 by Koshima. Its versatility has been employed as option for coverage of hand defect either as a pedicle or free flap. This flap can also be employed as a workhorse flap for coverage for large hand defects, it’s easy to harvest, with negligible donor site morbidity. This study aimed to share our experience with the use of SCIP flap for reconstruction of hand defect.

Methodology: A retrospective study of 21 patients with hand defects who had ipsilateral SCIP flap coverage between May 2018 and April 2021.The demographic characteristics, aetiology of hand defect, distance of perforator from superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) as identified using handheld doppler and outcome were analysed. All cases were done in 3 stages (elevation, division and in setting).

Results: 66.7% of patients were males (n=14). The defect was mostly posttraumatic (71.4%). The defects range from 6x 4 cm to 14x8cm in their widest dimensions. A pedicled SCIP was used in all cases. The SCIA perforator was within 5cm to the pubic tubercle. Only in 3 cases (14.3%) was the donor site closed with skin graft. Post-operative complication was seen in 2 patients as flap tip necrosis. All the patients did not require flap debulking. Mean follow-up period was 9months

Conclusion: SCIP flap is valuable in coverage of extensive hand defects, often without need for debulking surgery and minimal donor site morbidity.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONG MARKET WOMEN IN OYINGBO MARKET, LAGOS, NIGERIA

Tolulope Olufunlayo, Tobi Adebiyi, Folu Olatona — Tue, 31 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of an infant’s life is a cost-effective intervention in saving children’s lives. Despite its numerous benefits, its practice is still sub-optimal globally. In Nigeria, 28.7% of infants below six months were exclusively breastfed in 2018, which is below the global exclusive breastfeeding target. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among market women in Oyingbo market, Lagos.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving women traders at Oyingbo Market. Consecutive sampling technique was employed; an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and data was analysed using Epi-Info Version 7.

Results: Majority of the respondents were married (97.3%), between 21 and 40 years of age (93.3%), had secondary education (61.6%), were Muslims (65.2%), Yoruba (79.9%), and had between 1 - 2 children (51.3%). The majority (96%) were aware of exclusive breastfeeding, with health care workers being cited most as a source of information (92.1%). About half of the respondents (51.5%) knew the correct definition and duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and four-fifths knew that exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient for the first six months of baby’s life. All the respondents (100%) breastfed their babies at some point, and almost two-thirds (63.8%) reported initiating breastfeeding within an hour after they delivered. However, only 37.5% of respondents practiced exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Nearly 90% of respondents (89.3%) breastfed their child for between 1 -2 years.

Conclusion: Although the knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding is high among this group of respondents, their practice of exclusive breastfeeding is sub-optimal. Health education and peer education of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, and other group-based interventions would be beneficial in improving exclusive breastfeeding rates; an enabling environment for breastfeeding within the markets is also an important area for consideration.